Waveshare E-ink Display Voltímetro preciso (0-90 V DC) com Arduino Nano: 3 etapas

2024 Autor: John Day | [email protected]. Última modificação: 2024-01-30 11:34

Neste Instrutível, eu uso um display Waveshare E-Paper de 2,9 '' com um Arduino Nano, um divisor de tensão e um ADS1115 para exibir tensões precisas de até 90 volts DC no display E-Paper.

Este instrutível combina estes dois projetos anteriores:

- Medidor de voltagem Arduino (0-100V DC) - Versão 2 -

- Atualização parcial da tela do E-Paper com Arduino -

Suprimentos

Suprimentos usados:

1 x Arduino Nano -

1 x Waveshare display -

Placa de ensaio e fios -

USB Power Bank -

1 x ADS 1115 - ADC de 16 bits -

1 x 1 / 4W (eu sugiro usar resistores de 1W embora) Resistores de 1% - 690k ohm -

1 x 1 / 4W (eu sugiro usar resistores de 1W embora) Resistores de 1% - 10k ohm -

Astro AI DM6000AR -

Baterias 9V -

CanadianWinters é um participante do Programa de Associados da Amazon Services LLC, um programa de publicidade de afiliados desenvolvido para fornecer um meio para os sites ganharem taxas vinculando-se à Amazon.com e sites afiliados. Ao usar esses links, como associado da Amazon, ganho com compras qualificadas, mesmo se você comprar outra coisa - e isso não custará nada.

Etapa 1: vamos conectar os componentes

Eu conectei os componentes da seguinte maneira:

Waveshare display:

Exibir Arduino

OCUPADO D7

RST D8

DC D9

CS D10

DIN D11

CLK D13

GND GND

VCC 3.3V

ADS1115:

ADS1115 Arduino

VCC 5V

GND GND

ADDR GND

SCL A5

SDA A4

Divisor de tensão AIN0

Para o divisor de tensão, usei resistores de 680Kohm e 10Kohm desta vez. Sempre meço os valores de resistência para melhor precisão.

Os cálculos para o divisor de tensão estão disponíveis nesta planilha que automatiza os cálculos caso você queira usar diferentes valores de resistor: Link para a Planilha Google. Observe que o arquivo não é editável, você precisará baixá-lo ou fazer uma cópia em sua unidade para poder modificá-lo.

Etapa 2: Código

O código para o display e para o ADC são bastante grandes e não haveria memória suficiente no arduino se eu usasse personagens grandes na tela.

Para resolver isso, converti o texto em código criando uma imagem contendo o texto e, em seguida, usando esta ferramenta online para converter a imagem em código legível pelo arduino:

Ainda usei algumas fontes e caracteres, mas só uso uma fonte contendo números para exibir a tensão da bateria e a porcentagem de carga para economizar memória.

Este código exibe a tensão da bateria e exibe a porcentagem de carga, assumindo que a 90 V a bateria está carregada e que a 0 V está completamente descarregada. Isso pode ser modificado para atender às suas necessidades.

// classe base GxEPD2_GFX pode ser usada para passar referências ou ponteiros para a instância de exibição como parâmetro, usa ~ 1,2k mais código

// habilita ou desabilita a classe base GxEPD2_GFX #define ENABLE_GxEPD2_GFX 0 #include #include #include #include #include #include Adafruit_ADS1115 ads (0x48); // Endereço do ADC # se definido (_ AVR) #define MAX_DISPLAY_BUFFER_SIZE 800 // #define MAX_HEIGHT (EPD) (EPD:: HEIGHT <= MAX_DISPLAY_BUFFER_SIZE / (EPD:: WIDTH / 8)? EPD:: HEIGHT: MAX_DISPLAY_BUFFER (EPD:: WIDTH / 8)) Exibição GxEPD2_BW (GxEPD2_290 (/ * CS = 10 * / SS, / * DC = * / 9, / * RST = * / 8, / * BUSY = * / 7)); #endif U8G2_FOR_ADAFRUIT_GFX u8g2Fonts; void setup () {Serial.begin (115200); Serial.println (); Serial.println ("configuração"); ads.begin (); display.init (); u8g2Fonts.begin (exibição); // conecta procedimentos u8g2 a Adafruit GFX showbitmaps (); atraso (500); Serial.println ("configuração concluída"); } void loop () {valores (); atraso (1000); } // 'loading-icon-c', 128x40px const unsigned char Bat PROGMEM = {0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xff, 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0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff}; const unsigned char battext PROGMEM = {// 'logisoso_epaper_volts_simple4, 128x145px 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 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0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff}; // esta função desenha as imagens void showbitmaps () {uint16_t bg = GxEPD_WHITE; uint16_t fg = GxEPD_BLACK; display.firstPage (); faça {display.fillScreen (bg); display.drawImage (battext, 0, 60, 128, 145, falso, 0, verdadeiro); // texto (y da parte inferior, x da esquerda, altura y, comprimento x, reverse_color (true / false), rotate (0, 1), transparência? (true / false)) display.drawImage (Bat, 0, 5, 128, 40, falso, 0, verdadeiro); // ícone da bateria} while (display.nextPage ()); } // esta função calcula e imprime os valores no display void values () {float battV; // Tensão da bateria float perc; // Bateria% int calib = 7; // Valor de calibração do ADS1115 para reduzir o erro float voltage = 0; // usado para armazenar o valor de tensão float Radjust = 0.01437283477; // Fator divisor de tensão (R2 / R1 + R2) R1 ~ 690k e R2 ~ 10k int16_t adc0; // Leitura de ADC de 16 bits de entrada A0 adc0 = ads.readADC_SingleEnded (0); voltagem = ((adc0 + calib) * 0,1875) / 1000; battV = voltagem / Radjust; // Calcula bateria% perc = (battV / 90) * 100; // assumimos que a tensão máxima da bateria é 90v // mantenha a bateria% máximo de 2 dígitos para evitar problemas de exibição if (perc> = 100) {perc = 99; } display.setRotation (1); // 0 Sem rotação, 1 rotação de 90 graus uint16_t bg = GxEPD_WHITE; uint16_t fg = GxEPD_BLACK; u8g2Fonts.setFontMode (1); // use o modo transparente u8g2 (este é o padrão) u8g2Fonts.setFontDirection (0); // esquerda para a direita (este é o padrão) u8g2Fonts.setForegroundColor (fg); // aplicar Adafruit GFX color u8g2Fonts.setBackgroundColor (bg); // aplica a cor Adafruit GFX u8g2Fonts.setFont (u8g2_font_logisoso32_tn); // ou u8g2_font_logisoso32_tr ou u8g2_font_logisoso32_tn display.setPartialWindow (203, 0, 100, 128); // (x da esquerda, y do topo, comprimento x, altura y) isso define uma janela para a atualização parcial dos valores display.firstPage (); faça {display.fillScreen (bg); // Imprimir a tensão da bateria u8g2Fonts.setCursor (205, 52); u8g2Fonts.print (battV, 1); // Imprimir bateria% u8g2Fonts.setCursor (205, 110); u8g2Fonts.print (perc, 0); } while (display.nextPage ()); }

Etapa 3: vamos testar:)

Estou muito feliz com os resultados.

Consegui testar várias tensões de cerca de 9v a cerca de 85v com desvio mínimo (menos de 0,2 volts) da tensão real.

Uma vez embalado em um gabinete bonito, ele deve fazer um pequeno voltímetro agradável que pode ser lido em ambientes muito claros:).